After creating a SSIS package with a transaction configured on my package and jobs, the following error occured:

Error: The SSIS Runtime has failed to start the distributed transaction due to error 0x8004D01B "Transactiebeheer is niet beschikbaar.". The DTC transaction failed to start. This could occur because the MSDTC Service is not running.

After some research, I found out that the service was not running. The service that you should start is: Distributed Transaction Coordinator.

After starting this service, I was able to run my package.